Form 990-PF Part I

Return of Private Foundation

or Section 4947(a)(1) Trust Treated as Private Foundation

Part I

Analysis of Revenue and Expenses

Column (a). Revenue and Expenses per Books
Enter in column (a) all items of revenue and expense shown in the books and records that increased or decreased the net assets of the organization. However, don’t include the value of services donated to the foundation or items such as free use of equipment or facilities in contributions received. Also, don’t include any expenses used to figure capital gains and losses on lines 6, 7, and 8 or expenses included in cost of goods sold on line 10b. For foundations that don’t use the cash method of accounting for book purposes, charitable expenditures reported in column (a) won’t necessarily match amounts reported in column (d).

Column (b). Net Investment Income
All domestic private foundations (including section 4947(a)(1) nonexempt charitable trusts) are required to pay an excise tax each tax year on net investment income.

Exempt foreign foundations are subject to an excise tax on gross investment income from U.S. sources. These foreign organizations should complete lines 3, 4, 5a, 5b, 11, 12, and 27b of column (b) and report only income derived from U.S. sources. No other income should be included. No expenses are allowed as deductions.

Definitions. See below.

Gross investment income. Gross investment income is the total amount of investment income that was received by a private foundation from all sources. However, it doesn’t include any income subject to the unrelated business income tax. It includes interest, dividends, rents, payments with respect to securities loans (as defined in section 512(a)(5)), royalties received from assets devoted to charitable activities, income from notional principal contracts (as defined in Regulations section 1.863-7), annuities, substantially similar income from ordinary and routine investments, and income from similar sources. Therefore, interest received on a student loan is includible in the gross investment income of a private foundation making the loan.

Net investment income. Net investment income is the amount by which the sum of gross investment income and the capital gain net income exceeds the allowable deductions discussed later. Tax-exempt interest on governmental obligations and related expenses are excluded.

Investment income. Include in column (b) all or part of any amount from column (a) that applies to investment income. However, don’t include in column (b) any income and related expenses reported on Form 990-T.

For example, investment income from debt-financed property unrelated to the organization’s charitable purpose and certain rents (and related expenses) treated as unrelated trade or business income should be reported on Form 990-T. Income from debt-financed property that isn’t taxed under section 511 is taxed under section 4940 . Thus, if the debt/basis percentage of a debt-financed property is 80%, only 80% of the gross income (and expenses) for that property is used to figure the section 511 tax on Form 990-T. The remaining 20% of the gross income (and expenses) of that property is used to figure the section 4940 tax on net investment income on Form 990-PF. (See Form 990-T and its instructions for more information.)

Investment expenses. Include in column (b) all ordinary and necessary expenses paid or incurred to produce or collect investment income from interest, dividends, rents, amounts received from payments on securities loans (as defined in section 512(a)(5) ), royalties, income from notional principal contracts, annuities, substantially similar income from ordinary and routine investments, and income from similar sources; or for the management, conservation, or maintenance of property held for the production of income that is taxable under section 4940 .

If any of the expenses listed in column (a) are paid or incurred for both investment and charitable purposes, they must be allocated on a reasonable basis between the investment activities and the charitable activities so that only expenses from investment activities appear in column (b). Examples of allocation methods are given in the instructions for Part VIII-A.

Limitation. The deduction for expenses paid or incurred in any tax year for producing gross investment income earned incident to a charitable function can’t be more than income earned from the function includible as gross investment income for the year.

For Example, if rental income is incidentally realized in 2024 from historic buildings held open to the public, deductions for amounts paid or incurred in 2021 for the production of this income may not be more than the amount of rental income includible as gross investment income in column (b) for 2024.

Expenses related to tax-exempt interest. Don’t include on lines 13–23 of column (b) any expenses paid or incurred that are allocable to tax-exempt interest that is excluded from lines 3 and 4.

TIP: If the foundation is a partner in a partnership, then pertinent items of income, gain, loss, deduction, or credit from the entity’s Schedule K-1 (Form 1065) should generally be reported in columns (b) and (c) for the tax year of the entity ending with or within the foundation’s tax year. See Regulations sections 53.4940-1(c)(1) and 53.4942(a)-2(d)(1).

By contrast, if the foundation is a beneficiary of a trust, distributions from the trust aren’t included in income in column (c) if the trust was created and funded by a person other than the foundation, and aren’t included in column (b). See Regulations section 53.4942(a)-2(d)(2)(vii) and Notice 2004-35, 2004-19 I.R.B. 889.


Column (c). Adjusted Net Income

Nonoperating private foundations should see Nonoperating private foundations, later, to find out if they need to complete column (c).

Private operating foundations. All organizations that claim status as private operating foundations under section 4942(j)(3) or (5) must complete all lines of column (c) that apply, according to the general rules for income and expenses that apply to this column, the specific line instructions for lines 3–27c, the Special rule, later, and Examples 1 and 2, later.

General rules. In general, adjusted net income is the amount of a private foundation’s gross income that is more than the expenses of earning the income. The modifications and exclusions explained below are applied to gross income and expenses in figuring adjusted net income.

For income and expenses, include on each line of column (c) only that portion of the amount from column (a) allocable to the adjusted net income computation.

Income. For column (c), include income from charitable functions, investments, related and unrelated business, and amounts set aside; short-term capital gains and losses; recoveries of amounts that were treated as qualifying distributions in prior tax years; and amounts set aside that are determined not to be needed for the purposes for which they were set aside. Don’t include gifts, grants or contributions, or long-term capital gains or losses.

Expenses. Deductible expenses include the part of a private foundation’s operating expenses paid or incurred to produce or collect gross income reported on lines 3–11 of column (c). If only part of the property produces income includible in column (c), deductions such as interest, taxes, and rent must be divided between the charitable and noncharitable uses of the property. If the deductions for property used for a charitable, educational, or other similar purpose are more than the income from the property, the excess won’t be allowed as a deduction but may be treated as a qualifying distribution in Part I, column (d). See Examples 1 and 2, below.

Special rule. The expenses attributable to each specific charitable activity, limited by the amount of income from the activity, must be reported in column (c) on lines 13–26. If the expenses of any charitable activity exceed the income generated by that activity, only the excess of these expenses over the income should be reported in column (d).

Example 1. A charitable activity generated $5,000 of income and $4,000 of expenses. Report all income and expenses in column (c) and none in column (d).
Example 2. A charitable activity generated $5,000 of income and $6,000 of expenses. Report $5,000 of income and $5,000 of expenses in column (c) and the excess expenses of $1,000 in column (d).
Nonoperating private foundations. A foundation that doesn’t claim status as a private operating foundation isn’t required to complete column (c) unless either of the following applies.
  1. The foundation received income from a charitable activity and wishes to claim a qualifying distribution for expenses incurred in the activity in excess of the income. The foundation must report such income only on lines 10 and/or 11 in column (c), and any expenses relating to this income following the general rules and the special rule above. See Examples 1 and 2, above. The foundation need not report other kinds of income and expenses (such as investment income and expenses) in column (c).

  2. The foundation claims status under section 170(b)(1)(F)(iii) (relating to foundations that maintain a common fund). The foundation must complete all lines of column (c) that apply.

Column (d). Disbursements for Charitable Purposes

Expenses entered in column (d) relate to activities that constitute the charitable purpose(s) of the foundation.

For amounts entered in column (d):

  • Use the cash receipts and disbursements method of accounting no matter what accounting method is used in keeping the books of the foundation.
  • Don’t include any amount or part of an amount included in column (b) or (c).
  • Include on lines 13–25 all expenses, including necessary and reasonable administrative expenses, paid by the foundation for religious, charitable, scientific, literary, educational, or other public purposes, or for the prevention of cruelty to children or animals.
  • Include a distribution of property at the fair market value on the date the distribution was made.
  • Include only the part entered in column (a) that is allocable to the charitable purposes of the foundation.

Example. An educational seminar produced $1,000 in income that was reportable in columns (a) and (c). Expenses attributable to this charitable activity were $1,900. Only $1,000 of expense should be reported in column (c) and the remaining $900 in expense should be reported in column (d).

Qualifying distributions. Generally, amounts paid to accomplish the foundation’s exempt purposes are qualifying distributions. Special rules apply in certain situations—see the line 25, column (d), instructions.

TIP: The total of the expenses and disbursements on line 26 is also entered on line 1a in Part XI to figure qualifying distributions.

Alternative to completing lines 13–25. If you want to provide an analysis of disbursements that is more detailed than column (d), you may attach a schedule instead of completing lines 13–25. The schedule must include all the specific items of lines 13–25, and the total from the schedule must be entered on line 26, column (d).



LineQuestionInstructions
Form 990-PF
Part I
Line 1

Contributions, gifts, grants, etc., received (attach schedule)

Line 1. Contributions, gifts, grants, etc., received. Enter the total of gross contributions, gifts, grants, and similar amounts received.

Schedule B (Form 990). If money, securities, or other property valued at $5,000 or more was received, directly or indirectly, from any one person during the year, complete Schedule B and attach it to the return. If the foundation isn’t required to complete Schedule B (no person contributed $5,000 or more), be sure to check the box on line 2.

Schedule B (Form 990)

To determine whether a person has contributed $5,000 or more, total only gifts of $1,000 or more from each person. Separate and independent gifts need not be totaled if less than $1,000. If a contribution is in the form of property, describe the property and include its fair market value.

The term “person” includes individuals, fiduciaries, partnerships, corporations, associations, trusts, and exempt organizations.

Split-interest trusts: Distributions from split-interest trusts should be entered on line 1, column (a). They are a part of the amount on line 1.

Substantiation requirements. An organization must keep records, as required by the regulations under IRC Section 170.

Generally, a donor making a charitable contribution of $250 or more won’t be allowed a federal income tax deduction unless the donor obtains a written acknowledgment from the donee organization by the earlier of the date on which the donor files a tax return for the tax year in which the contribution was made or the due date, including extensions, for filing that return. However, see section 170(f)(8)(D) and Regulations section 1.170A-13(f) for exceptions to this rule.

The written acknowledgment the foundation provides to the donor must show:

  1. The amount of cash contributed;

  2. A description of any property contributed;

  3. Whether the foundation provided any goods or services to the donor; and

  4. A description and a good-faith estimate of the value of any goods or services the foundation gave in return for the contribution, unless:

    1. The goods and services have insubstantial value, or

    2. A statement is included that these goods and services consist solely of intangible religious benefits.

Quid Pro Quo Contributions. Generally, if a charitable organization solicits or receives a contribution of more than $75 for which it gives the donor something in return, the organization must inform the donor via written statement that the deduction is limited to the amount exceeding the value of goods or services provided. The statement must include a good-faith estimate of that value.

Penalties. An organization that doesn’t make the required disclosure for each quid pro quo contribution will incur a penalty of $10 for each failure, not to exceed $5,000 for a particular fundraising event or mailing, unless it can show reasonable cause.

For more information, see Regulations section 1.170A-13 for charitable recordkeeping and substantiation requirements.

Form 990-PF
Part I
Line 2

Check ☐ if the foundation is not required to attach Sch. B

Line 2. Check this box if the foundation isn’t required to attach Schedule B (Form 990). See the instructions for Line 1 and Schedule B for more information on the contribution thresholds.

Form 990-PF
Part I
Line 3

Interest on savings and temporary cash investments

Line 3. Interest on savings and temporary cash invest-ments. Enter the total amount of interest income from savings and temporary cash investments.

In column (a). Enter the total amount of interest income from investments reportable in Part II, line 2. These include savings or other interest-bearing accounts and temporary cash investments, such as money market funds, commercial paper, certificates of deposit, and U.S. Treasury bills or other government obligations that mature in less than 1 year.

In column (b). Enter the amount of interest income shown in column (a). Don’t include interest on tax-exempt government obligations.

In column (c). Enter the amount of interest income shown in column (a). Include interest on tax-exempt government obligations.
Form 990-PF
Part I
Line 4

Dividends and interest from securities

Line 4. Dividends and interest from securities. Enter the amount of dividend and interest income from securities (stocks and bonds) reportable in Part II, line 10.

In column (a). Include amounts received from payments on securities loans, as defined in section 512(a)(5). Don’t include any capital gain dividends reportable on line 6a. Report income from program-related investments on line 11. For debt instruments with an original issue discount, report the original issue discount ratably over the life of the bond on line 4. See section 1272 for more information.

In column (b). Enter the amount of dividend and interest income and payments on securities loans from column (a). Don’t include interest on tax-exempt government obligations.

In column (c). Enter the amount of dividend and interest income and payments on securities loans from column (a). Include interest on tax-exempt government obligations.

Form 990-PF
Part I
Line 5a

Gross rents

Line 5a. Net rental income or (loss). Enter the gross rental income for the year from investment property reportable in Part II, line 11.

In column (a). Enter the gross rental income for the year from investment property reportable in Part II, line 11.

In columns (b) and (c). Enter the gross rental income from column (a).

Form 990-PF
Part I
Line 5b

Net rental income or (loss)

Line 5b. Figure the net rental income or (loss) for the year and enter that amount on the entry line to the left of column (a).

Report rents from other sources on line 11. Enter any expenses attributable to the rental income reported on line 5, such as interest and depreciation, on lines 13–23.

Form 990-PF
Part I
Line 6a

Net gain or (loss) from sale of assets not on line 10

Line 6a. Net gain or (loss) from sale of assets. Enter the net gain or (loss) per books from all asset sales not included on line 10.

For assets sold and not included in Part IV, attach a schedule showing:

  • Date acquired;
  • Manner of acquisition;
  • Gross sales price;
  • Cost, other basis, or value at time of acquisition (if donated) and which of these methods was used;
  • Date sold;
  • To whom sold;
  • Expense of sale and cost of improvements made subsequent to acquisition; and
  • Depreciation since acquisition (if depreciable property).

Form 990-PF
Part I
Line 6b

Gross sales price for all assets on line 6a

Line 6b. Gross sales price for all assets on line 6a.Enter the gross sales price from all asset sales whose net gain or loss was reported on line 6a.

Form 990-PF
Part I
Line 7

Capital gain net income (from Part IV, line 2)

Line 7. Capital gain net income. Enter the capital gain net income from Part IV, line 2. See the Part IV instructions.

Form 990-PF
Part I
Line 8

Net short-term capital gain

Line 8. Net short-term capital gain. Include only net short-term capital gain for the year (assets sold or exchanged that were held not more than 1 year). Don’t include net long-term capital gain or net loss in column (c).

Don’t include on line 8 a net gain from the sale or exchange of depreciable property, or land used in a trade or business (section 1231) and held for more than 1 year. However, include net loss from such property on line 23 as an Other expense.

In general, foundations may carry to line 8 the net short-term capital gain reported in Part IV, line 3. However, if the foundation had any short-term capital gain from sales of debt-financed property, add it to the amount reported in Part IV, line 3, to figure the amount to include on line 8. For information dealing with “debt-financed property,” see the Instructions for Form 990-T.

TIP: Only private operating foundations report their short-term capital gains on line 8.

Form 990-PF
Part I
Line 9

Income modifications

Line 9. Income modifications. Include on this line:

  1. Amounts received or accrued as repayments of amounts taken into account as qualifying distributions;

  2. Amounts received or accrued from the sale or other disposition of property to the extent that the acquisition of the property was considered a qualifying distribution for any tax year;

  3. Any amount set aside for a specific project (see explanation in the instructions for Part XI) that wasn’t necessary for the purposes for which it was set aside;

  4. Income received from an estate, but only if the estate was considered terminated for income tax purposes due to a prolonged administration period; and

  5. Amounts treated in an earlier tax year as qualifying distributions to:

    • A nonoperating private foundation if the amounts weren’t redistributed by the grantee organization by the close of its tax year following the year in which it received the funds, or

    • An organization controlled by the distributing foundation or a disqualified person if the amounts weren’t redistributed by the grantee organization by the close of its tax year following the year in which it received the funds.

Form 990-PF
Part I
Line 10a

Gross sales less returns and allowances

Lines 10a, b, c. Gross profit from sales of inventory. Enter the gross sales (less returns and allowances), cost of goods sold, and gross profit or (loss) from the sale of all inventory items, including those sold in the course of special events and activities. These inventory items are the ones the organization either makes to sell to others or buys for resale.

Don’t report any sales or exchanges of investments on line 10. Don’t include any profit or (loss) from the sale of capital items such as securities, land, buildings, or equipment on line 10. Enter these amounts on line 6a.

Don’t include any business expenses such as salaries, taxes, rent, etc., on line 10. Include them on lines 13–23.

Attach a schedule showing the following items: gross sales, cost of goods sold, and gross profit or (loss). These items should be classified according to type of inventory sold (such as books, tapes, other educational or religious material, etc.). The totals from the schedule should agree with the entries on lines 10a–10c.

In column (c). Enter the gross profit or (loss) from sales of inventory shown on line 10c, column (a).

Form 990-PF
Part I
Line 10b

Less: Cost of goods sold

Line 10b. Cost of goods sold. See line 10a instructions.

Form 990-PF
Part I
Line 10c

Gross profit or (loss) (attach schedule)

Line 10c. Gross profit or (loss). See line 10a instructions.

Form 990-PF
Part I
Line 11

Other income (attach schedule)

Line 11. Other income. Enter the total of all the foundation’s other income for the year. Attach a schedule that gives a description and the amount of the income. Include all income not reported on lines 1 through 10c. Also, see Part XV-A, Line 11, later.

Include imputed interest on certain deferred payments figured under section 483 and any investment income not reportable on lines 3 through 5, including income from program-related investments (defined in the instructions for Part VIII-B).

Don’t include unrealized gains and losses on investments carried at market value. Report those as fund balance or net asset adjustments in Part III.

In column (b). Enter the amount of investment income included in line 11, column (a). Include dividends, interest, rents, and royalties derived from assets devoted to charitable activities, such as interest on student loans.

In column (c). Include all other items includible in adjusted net income not covered elsewhere in column (c).

Form 990-PF
Part I
Line 12

Total. Add lines 1 through 11

Line 12. Total. Enter the total of lines 1–11 in columns (a)–(c).

In column (b). Domestic organizations should enter the total of lines 3–11. Tax-exempt foreign foundations should exclude the line 7 amount from the total.


Form 990-PF
Part I
Line 13

Compensation of officers, directors, trustees, etc.

Line 13. Compensation of officers, directors, trustees, etc. Enter the total compensation for the year of all officers, directors, and trustees.

In column (a). Enter the total compensation for the year of all officers, directors, and trustees. If none was paid, enter zero. Complete line 1 of Part VII to show the compensation of officers, directors, trustees, and foundation managers.

In columns (b), (c), and (d). Enter the portion of the compensation included in column (a) that is applicable to the column. For example, in column (c), enter the portion of the compensation included in column (a) paid or incurred to produce or collect income included in column (c).

Form 990-PF
Part I
Line 14

Other employee salaries and wages

Line 14. Other employee salaries and wages. Enter the salaries and wages of all employees other than those included on line 13.

Employee leasing companies and professional employer organizations. In some cases, an exempt organization “leases” one or more “employees” from another company, which may be in the business of leasing employees. Alternatively, the organization may enter into an agreement with a professional employer organization to perform some or all of the federal employment tax withholding, reporting, and payment functions related to workers performing services for the organization. The organization should treat employees of an employee leasing company or a professional employer organization (whether or not certified under the Certified Professional Employer Organization Program (CPEO)) as the organization’s own employees and should report the compensation and other items in Part IV as if the organization had paid the officers, directors, trustees, and key employees directly. For more information, visit IRS.gov/CPEO. An employee is defined as, any individual who, under the usual common law rules applicable in determining the employer-employee relationship, has the status of an employee, and any other individual who is treated as an employee for federal employment tax purposes under section 3121(d). See Pub. 1779 for more information.

Form 990-PF
Part I
Line 15

Pension plans, employee benefits

Line 15. Contributions to employee pension plans and other benefits. Enter the employer’s share of contributions the organization paid to qualified and nonqualified pension plans and the employer’s share of contributions to employee benefit programs (such as insurance, health, and welfare programs) that aren’t an incidental part of a pension plan. Complete the return/report of the Form 5500 series appropriate for the organization’s plan. See the Instructions for Form 5500 for information about employee welfare benefit plans required to file that form.

Also include the amount of federal, state, and local payroll taxes for the year, but only include those that are imposed on the organization as an employer. This includes the employer’s share of social security and Medicare taxes, FUTA tax, state unemployment compensation tax, and other state and local payroll taxes. Don’t include taxes withheld from employees’ salaries and paid over to the various governmental units (such as federal and state income taxes and the employee’s share of social security and Medicare taxes).


Form 990-PF
Part I
Line 16a

Legal fees (attach schedule)

Lines 16a, b, and c. Legal, accounting, and other professional fees. On the appropriate line(s), enter the legal, accounting, auditing, and other professional fees (such as fees for fundraising or investment services) charged by outside firms and individuals who aren’t employees of the foundation.

Attach a schedule for lines 16a, b, and c. Show the type of service and expense for each. If the same person provided more than one of these services, include an allocation of those expenses.

Report any fines, penalties, or judgments imposed against the foundation as a result of legal proceedings on line 23.

Form 990-PF
Part I
Line 16b

Accounting fees (attach schedule)

Line 16b. Accounting fees. See line 16a instructions.

Form 990-PF
Part I
Line 16c

Other professional fees (attach schedule)

Line 16c. Other professional fees. See line 16a instructions.

Form 990-PF
Part I
Line 17

Interest

Line 17. Interest. Enter the amount of interest expense paid or accrued by the foundation during the year.

There are no specific additional instructions for this line in the IRS guide.


Form 990-PF
Part I
Line 18

Taxes (attach schedule)

Line 18. Taxes. Attach a schedule listing the type and amount of each tax reported on line 18. Don’t enter any taxes included on line 15.

In column (a). Enter the taxes paid (or accrued) during the year. Include all types of taxes recorded on the books, including real estate tax not reported on line 20, the tax on investment income, and any income tax.

In column (b). Enter only those taxes included in column (a) related to investment income taxable under section 4940. Don’t include the section 4940 tax paid or incurred on net investment income or the section 511 tax on unrelated business income. Sales taxes may not be deducted separately but must be treated as a part of the cost of acquired property or as a reduction of the amount realized on disposition of the property.

In column (c). Enter only those taxes included in column (a) that relate to income included in column (c). Don’t include any excise tax paid or incurred on the net investment income (as shown in Part V) or any tax reported on Form 990-T.

In column (d). Don’t include any excise tax paid on investment income (as reported in Part V of this return or the equivalent part of a return for prior years) unless the organization is claiming status as a private operating foundation and completes Part XIII.

Form 990-PF
Part I
Line 19

Depreciation (attach schedule) and depletion

Line 19. Depreciation and depletion. In column (a). Enter the expense recorded in the books for the year. For depreciation, attach a schedule showing:

  • A description of the property,
  • The date acquired,
  • The cost or other basis (exclude any land),
  • The depreciation allowed or allowable in prior years,
  • The method of computation,
  • The rate (%) or life (years), and
  • The depreciation this year.
On a separate line on the schedule, show the amount of depreciation included in cost of goods sold and not included on line 19.

In columns (b) and (c). A deduction for depreciation is allowed only for property used in the production of income reported in the column, and only using the straight line method of figuring depreciation. A deduction for depletion is allowed but must be figured only using the cost depletion method.

The basis used in figuring depreciation and depletion is the basis determined under normal basis rules, without regard to the special rules for using the fair market value on December 31, 1969, that relate only to gain or loss on dispositions for purposes of the tax on net investment income.

Form 990-PF
Part I
Line 20

Occupancy

Line 20. Occupancy. Enter the amount paid or incurred for the use of office space or other facilities. If the space is rented or leased, enter the amount of rent. If the space is owned, enter the amount of mortgage interest, real estate taxes, and similar expenses, but not depreciation reportable on line 19. In either case, include the amount for utilities and related expenses (for example, heat, lights, water, power, telephone, sewer, trash removal, outside janitorial services, and similar services). Don’t include any salaries of the organization’s own employees reportable on line 14.

Form 990-PF
Part I
Line 21

Travel, conferences, and meetings

Line 21. Travel, conferences, and meetings. Enter the expenses for officers, employees, or others during the year for travel, attending conferences, meetings, etc. Include transportation (including fares, mileage allowance, or automobile expenses), meals and lodging, and related costs whether paid on the basis of a per diem allowance or actual expenses incurred. Don’t include any compensation paid to those who participate.

In column (b). Only 50% of the expense for business meals paid or incurred in connection with travel, meetings, etc., relating to the production of investment income may be deducted in figuring net investment income (section 274(n)).

In column (c). Subject to the Special rule, earlier, limiting amounts reported in column (c) by the income generated by a charitable activity, enter the total amount of expenses paid or incurred by officers, employees, or others for travel, conferences, meetings, etc., related to income included in column (c).

Form 990-PF
Part I
Line 22

Printing and publications

Line 22. Printing and publications. Enter the expenses for printing or publishing and distributing any newsletters, magazines, etc. Also include the cost of subscriptions to, or purchases of, magazines, newspapers, etc.

Form 990-PF
Part I
Line 23

Other expenses (attach schedule)

Line 23. Other expenses. Enter all other expenses for the year. Include all expenses not reported on lines 13–22. Attach a schedule showing the type and amount of each expense. If a deduction is claimed for amortization, attach a schedule showing:

  • Description of the amortized expenses;
  • Date acquired, completed, or expended;
  • Amount amortized;
  • Deduction for prior years;
  • Amortization period (number of months);
  • Current-year amortization; and
  • Total amount of amortization.
In column (c). In addition to the applicable portion of expenses from column (a), include any net loss from the sale or exchange of land or depreciable property that was held for more than 1 year and used in a trade or business.

A deduction for amortization is allowed but only for assets used for the production of income reported in column (c).

Form 990-PF
Part I
Line 24

Total operating and administrative expenses. Add lines 13 through 23

Line 24. Total operating and administrative expenses. Add lines 13 through 23 in columns (a), (b), (c), and (d).


Form 990-PF
Part I
Line 25

Contributions, gifts, grants paid

Line 25. Contributions, gifts, grants paid. Don’t report on line 25 direct program expenditures that aren’t contributions, gifts, or grants. These amounts should be reported on lines 13–24.

In column (a). Enter the total of all contributions, gifts, grants, and similar amounts paid (or accrued) for the year. List each contribution, gift, grant, etc., in Part XIV, or attach a schedule of the items included on line 25 and list:

  1. Name and address of donee;
  2. Relationship of donee if related by:
    1. blood,
    2. marriage,
    3. adoption, or
    4. employment (including children of employees) to any disqualified person and
  3. The organizational status of donee (for instance, public charity—an organization described in section 509(a)(1), (2), or (3)).
You don’t have to give the name of any indigent person who received one or more gifts or grants from the foundation unless that individual is a disqualified person or one who received a total of more than $1,000 from the foundation during the year.

Activities should be described according to purpose and in greater detail than merely charitable, educational, religious, or scientific activities. For example, use identification such as payments for nursing service, for fellowships, or for assistance to indigent families.

Foundations may include, as a single entry on the schedule, the total of amounts paid as grants for which the foundation exercised expenditure responsibility. Attach a separate report for each grant. When the fair market value of the property at the time of disbursement is the measure of a contribution, the schedule must also show:
  • A description of the contributed property,
  • The book value of the contributed property,
  • The method used to determine the book value,
  • The method used to determine the fair market value, and
  • The date of the gift.
TIP: The difference between fair market value and book value should be shown in the books of account and as a net asset adjustment in Part III.
In column (d). Enter on line 25 all contributions, gifts, and grants the foundation paid during the year with the following exceptions:
  • Don’t include contributions to organizations controlled by the foundation or by one or more disqualified persons, or contributions to nonoperating private foundations, unless the donee organization is exempt from tax under section 501(c)(3) and redistributes the contributions, and the foundation maintains sufficient evidence of redistribution, in accordance with section 4942(g)(3) and Regulations section 53.4942(a)-3(c).
  • Don’t include contributions paid from a nonoperating private foundation to a Type III supporting organization, as defined under section 4943(f)(5), that isn’t a functionally integrated Type III supporting organization, as defined under section 4943(f)(5)(B). See Regulations section 1.509(a)-4(i).
  • Don’t include contributions paid from a nonoperating private foundation to any supporting organization if a disqualified person of the private foundation controls the supporting organization or any of its supported organizations. See Regulations section 53.4942(a)-3(a)(3).
  • Don’t reduce the amount of grants paid in the current year by the amount of grants paid in a prior year returned or recovered in the current year. Report those repayments on Part I, line 9, column (c), and in Part X, line 4.
  • Don’t include any payments of set-asides (see the instructions for Part XI, line 3) taken into account as qualifying distributions in the current year or any prior year. All set-asides are included in qualifying distributions (Part XI, line 3) in the year of the set-aside, regardless of when paid.
  • Don’t include current-year write-offs of prior years’ program-related investments. All program-related investments are included in qualifying distributions (Part XI, line 1b) in the year the investment is made.
  • Don’t include any payments that aren’t qualifying distributions, as defined in section 4942(g)(1).


Form 990-PF
Part I
Line 26

Total expenses and disbursements. Add lines 24 and 25

Line 26. Total expenses and disbursements. Add lines 24 and 25 in columns (a), (b), (c), and (d).

Form 990-PF
Part I
Line 27

Subtract line 26 from line 12:

Line 27. See line 27a, 27b and 27c instructions.

Form 990-PF
Part I
Line 27a

Excess of revenue over expenses and disbursements

Line 27a. Excess of revenue over expenses and disbursements. Subtract line 26, column (a), from line 12, column (a), and enter the result. Generally, the amount shown in column (a) on this line is also the amount by which net assets (or fund balances) have increased or decreased for the year. See Part III. Analysis of Changes in Net Assets or Fund Balances.



Form 990-PF, Part III
Form 990-PF
Part I
Line 27b

Net investment income (if negative, enter -0-)

Line 27b. Net investment income. Domestic organizations should subtract line 26, column (b), from line 12, column (b), and enter the result. Exempt foreign organizations should enter the amount shown on line 12, column (b). However, if the organization is a domestic organization and line 26, column (b), is more than line 12, column (b) (such as when expenses exceed income), enter zero (not a negative amount).

Form 990-PF
Part I
Line 27c

Adjusted net income (if negative, enter -0-)

Line 27c. Adjusted net income. Subtract line 26, column (c), from line 12, column (c), and enter the result.

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Disclaimer: This website is for informational purposes only and does not constitute professional tax advice.

Source: The content in these tools (such as definitions, questions, and instructions) is from the official IRS Instructions for Form 990, 990-PF, and related schedules and is in the public domain. For the most current official version, please visit https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-form-990

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