Form 990-PF Part I
Return of Private Foundation
or Section 4947(a)(1) Trust Treated as Private Foundation
Part I
Analysis of Revenue and Expenses
Column Instructions
The total of amounts in columns (b), (c), and (d) (or any combination of them, such as columns (b) and (d)) may differ from the amount in column (a).
The amounts entered in column (a) and on line 5b must be analyzed in Part XV-A.
Column (a). Revenue and Expenses per Books
Enter in column (a) all items of revenue and expense shown in the books and records that increased or decreased the net assets of the organization. However, don’t include the value of services donated to the foundation or items such as free use of equipment or facilities in contributions received. Also, don’t include any expenses used to figure capital gains and losses on lines 6, 7, and 8 or expenses included in cost of goods sold on line 10b. For foundations that don’t use the cash method of accounting for book purposes, charitable expenditures reported in column (a) won’t necessarily match amounts reported in column (d).
Column (b). Net Investment Income
All domestic private foundations (including section 4947(a)(1) nonexempt charitable trusts) are required to pay an excise tax each tax year on net investment income.
Exempt foreign foundations are subject to an excise tax on gross investment income from U.S. sources. These foreign organizations should complete lines 3, 4, 5a, 5b, 11, 12, and 27b of column (b) and report only income derived from U.S. sources. No other income should be included. No expenses are allowed as deductions.
Definitions. See below.
Gross investment income.
Gross investment income is the total amount of investment income that was received by a private foundation from all sources. However, it doesn’t include any income subject to the unrelated business income tax. It includes interest, dividends, rents, payments with respect to securities loans (as defined in
section 512(a)(5)), royalties received from assets devoted to charitable activities, income from notional principal contracts (as defined in Regulations section
1.863-7), annuities, substantially similar income from ordinary and routine investments, and income from similar sources. Therefore, interest received on a student loan is includible in the gross investment income of a private foundation making the loan.
Net investment income. Net investment income is the amount by which the sum of gross investment income and the capital gain net income exceeds the allowable deductions discussed later. Tax-exempt interest on governmental obligations and related expenses are excluded.
Investment income. Include in column (b) all or part of any amount from column (a) that applies to investment income. However, don’t include in column (b) any income and related expenses reported on Form 990-T.
Investment expenses.
Include in column (b) all ordinary and necessary expenses paid or incurred to produce or collect investment income from interest, dividends, rents, amounts received from payments on securities loans (as defined in
section 512(a)(5)
), royalties, income from notional principal contracts, annuities, substantially similar income from ordinary and routine investments, and income from similar sources; or for the management, conservation, or maintenance of property held for the production of income that is taxable under
section 4940
.
If any of the expenses listed in column (a) are paid or incurred for both investment and charitable purposes, they must be allocated on a reasonable basis between the investment activities and the charitable activities so that only expenses from investment activities appear in column (b). Examples of allocation methods are given in the instructions for Part VIII-A.
Expenses related to tax-exempt interest. Don’t include on lines 13–23 of column (b) any expenses paid or incurred that are allocable to tax-exempt interest that is excluded from lines 3 and 4.
By contrast, if the foundation is a beneficiary of a trust, distributions from the trust aren’t included in income in column (c) if the trust was created and funded by a person other than the foundation, and aren’t included in column (b). See Regulations section 53.4942(a)-2(d)(2)(vii) and Notice 2004-35, 2004-19 I.R.B. 889.
Column (c). Adjusted Net Income
Nonoperating private foundations should see Nonoperating private foundations, later, to find out if they need to complete column (c).
Private operating foundations.
All organizations that claim status as private operating foundations under
section 4942(j)(3)
or (5) must complete all lines of column (c) that apply, according to the general rules for income and expenses that apply to this column, the specific line instructions for lines 3–27c, the Special rule, later, and Examples 1 and 2, later.
General rules. In general, adjusted net income is the amount of a private foundation’s gross income that is more than the expenses of earning the income. The modifications and exclusions explained below are applied to gross income and expenses in figuring adjusted net income.
For income and expenses, include on each line of column (c) only that portion of the amount from column (a) allocable to the adjusted net income computation.
Income. For column (c), include income from charitable functions, investments, related and unrelated business, and amounts set aside; short-term capital gains and losses; recoveries of amounts that were treated as qualifying distributions in prior tax years; and amounts set aside that are determined not to be needed for the purposes for which they were set aside. Don’t include gifts, grants or contributions, or long-term capital gains or losses.
Expenses. Deductible expenses include the part of a private foundation’s operating expenses paid or incurred to produce or collect gross income reported on lines 3–11 of column (c). If only part of the property produces income includible in column (c), deductions such as interest, taxes, and rent must be divided between the charitable and noncharitable uses of the property. If the deductions for property used for a charitable, educational, or other similar purpose are more than the income from the property, the excess won’t be allowed as a deduction but may be treated as a qualifying distribution in Part I, column (d). See Examples 1 and 2, below.
Special rule. The expenses attributable to each specific charitable activity, limited by the amount of income from the activity, must be reported in column (c) on lines 13–26. If the expenses of any charitable activity exceed the income generated by that activity, only the excess of these expenses over the income should be reported in column (d).
- The foundation received income from a charitable activity and wishes to claim a qualifying distribution for expenses incurred in the activity in excess of the income. The foundation must report such income only on lines 10 and/or 11 in column (c), and any expenses relating to this income following the general rules and the special rule above. See Examples 1 and 2, above. The foundation need not report other kinds of income and expenses (such as investment income and expenses) in column (c).
- The foundation claims status under section 170(b)(1)(F)(iii) (relating to foundations that maintain a common fund). The foundation must complete all lines of column (c) that apply.
Column (d). Disbursements for Charitable Purposes
Expenses entered in column (d) relate to activities that constitute the charitable purpose(s) of the foundation.
For amounts entered in column (d):
- Use the cash receipts and disbursements method of accounting no matter what accounting method is used in keeping the books of the foundation.
- Don’t include any amount or part of an amount included in column (b) or (c).
- Include on lines 13–25 all expenses, including necessary and reasonable administrative expenses, paid by the foundation for religious, charitable, scientific, literary, educational, or other public purposes, or for the prevention of cruelty to children or animals.
- Include a distribution of property at the fair market value on the date the distribution was made.
- Include only the part entered in column (a) that is allocable to the charitable purposes of the foundation.
Qualifying distributions. Generally, amounts paid to accomplish the foundation’s exempt purposes are qualifying distributions. Special rules apply in certain situations—see the line 25, column (d), instructions.
Alternative to completing lines 13–25. If you want to provide an analysis of disbursements that is more detailed than column (d), you may attach a schedule instead of completing lines 13–25. The schedule must include all the specific items of lines 13–25, and the total from the schedule must be entered on line 26, column (d).
| Line | Question | Instructions |
|---|---|---|
| Form 990-PF Part I Line 1 | Contributions, gifts, grants, etc., received (attach schedule) | Line 1. Contributions, gifts, grants, etc., received. Enter the total of gross contributions, gifts, grants, and similar amounts received.
Quid Pro Quo Contributions. Generally, if a charitable organization solicits or receives a contribution of more than $75 for which it gives the donor something in return, the organization must inform the donor via written statement that the deduction is limited to the amount exceeding the value of goods or services provided. The statement must include a good-faith estimate of that value. Penalties. An organization that doesn’t make the required disclosure for each quid pro quo contribution will incur a penalty of $10 for each failure, not to exceed $5,000 for a particular fundraising event or mailing, unless it can show reasonable cause. For more information, see Regulations section 1.170A-13 for charitable recordkeeping and substantiation requirements. |
| Form 990-PF Part I Line 2 | Check ☐ if the foundation is not required to attach Sch. B | Line 2. Check this box if the foundation isn’t required to attach Schedule B (Form 990). See the instructions for Line 1 and Schedule B for more information on the contribution thresholds. |
| Form 990-PF Part I Line 3 | Interest on savings and temporary cash investments | Line 3. Interest on savings and temporary cash invest-ments. Enter the total amount of interest income from savings and temporary cash investments. In column (a). Enter the total amount of interest income from investments reportable in Part II, line 2. These include savings or other interest-bearing accounts and temporary cash investments, such as money market funds, commercial paper, certificates of deposit, and U.S. Treasury bills or other government obligations that mature in less than 1 year. In column (b). Enter the amount of interest income shown in column (a). Don’t include interest on tax-exempt government obligations. In column (c). Enter the amount of interest income shown in column (a). Include interest on tax-exempt government obligations. |
| Form 990-PF Part I Line 4 | Dividends and interest from securities | Line 4. Dividends and interest from securities. Enter the amount of dividend and interest income from securities (stocks and bonds) reportable in Part II, line 10. |
| Form 990-PF Part I Line 5a | Gross rents | Line 5a. Net rental income or (loss). Enter the gross rental income for the year from investment property reportable in Part II, line 11. |
| Form 990-PF Part I Line 5b | Net rental income or (loss) | Line 5b. Figure the net rental income or (loss) for the year and enter that amount on the entry line to the left of column (a). |
| Form 990-PF Part I Line 6a | Net gain or (loss) from sale of assets not on line 10 | Line 6a. Net gain or (loss) from sale of assets. Enter the net gain or (loss) per books from all asset sales not included on line 10.
|
| Form 990-PF Part I Line 6b | Gross sales price for all assets on line 6a | Line 6b. Gross sales price for all assets on line 6a.Enter the gross sales price from all asset sales whose net gain or loss was reported on line 6a. |
| Form 990-PF Part I Line 7 | Capital gain net income (from Part IV, line 2) | Line 7. Capital gain net income. Enter the capital gain net income from Part IV, line 2. See the Part IV instructions. |
| Form 990-PF Part I Line 8 | Net short-term capital gain | Line 8. Net short-term capital gain. Include only net short-term capital gain for the year (assets sold or exchanged that were held not more than 1 year). Don’t include net long-term capital gain or net loss in column (c). TIP: Only private operating foundations report their short-term capital gains on line 8. |
| Form 990-PF Part I Line 9 | Income modifications | Line 9. Income modifications. Include on this line:
|
| Form 990-PF Part I Line 10a | Gross sales less returns and allowances | Lines 10a, b, c. Gross profit from sales of inventory. Enter the gross sales (less returns and allowances), cost of goods sold, and gross profit or (loss) from the sale of all inventory items, including those sold in the course of special events and activities. These inventory items are the ones the organization either makes to sell to others or buys for resale. |
| Form 990-PF Part I Line 10b | Less: Cost of goods sold | Line 10b. Cost of goods sold. See line 10a instructions. |
| Form 990-PF Part I Line 10c | Gross profit or (loss) (attach schedule) | Line 10c. Gross profit or (loss). See line 10a instructions. |
| Form 990-PF Part I Line 11 | Other income (attach schedule) | Line 11. Other income. Enter the total of all the foundation’s other income for the year. Attach a schedule that gives a description and the amount of the income. Include all income not reported on lines 1 through 10c. Also, see Part XV-A, Line 11, later. |
| Form 990-PF Part I Line 12 | Total. Add lines 1 through 11 | Line 12. Total. Enter the total of lines 1–11 in columns (a)–(c). |
| Form 990-PF Part I Line 13 | Compensation of officers, directors, trustees, etc. | Line 13. Compensation of officers, directors, trustees, etc. Enter the total compensation for the year of all officers, directors, and trustees. |
| Form 990-PF Part I Line 14 | Other employee salaries and wages | Line 14. Other employee salaries and wages. Enter the salaries and wages of all employees other than those included on line 13. |
| Form 990-PF Part I Line 15 | Pension plans, employee benefits | Line 15. Contributions to employee pension plans and other benefits. Enter the employer’s share of contributions the organization paid to qualified and nonqualified pension plans and the employer’s share of contributions to employee benefit programs (such as insurance, health, and welfare programs) that aren’t an incidental part of a pension plan. Complete the return/report of the Form 5500 series appropriate for the organization’s plan. See the Instructions for Form 5500 for information about employee welfare benefit plans required to file that form. |
| Form 990-PF Part I Line 16a | Legal fees (attach schedule) | Lines 16a, b, and c. Legal, accounting, and other professional fees. On the appropriate line(s), enter the legal, accounting, auditing, and other professional fees (such as fees for fundraising or investment services) charged by outside firms and individuals who aren’t employees of the foundation. |
| Form 990-PF Part I Line 16b | Accounting fees (attach schedule) | Line 16b. Accounting fees. See line 16a instructions. |
| Form 990-PF Part I Line 16c | Other professional fees (attach schedule) | Line 16c. Other professional fees. See line 16a instructions. |
| Form 990-PF Part I Line 17 | Interest | Line 17. Interest. Enter the amount of interest expense paid or accrued by the foundation during the year. |
| Form 990-PF Part I Line 18 | Taxes (attach schedule) | Line 18. Taxes. Attach a schedule listing the type and amount of each tax reported on line 18. Don’t enter any taxes included on line 15. |
| Form 990-PF Part I Line 19 | Depreciation (attach schedule) and depletion | Line 19. Depreciation and depletion. In column (a). Enter the expense recorded in the books for the year. For depreciation, attach a schedule showing:
In columns (b) and (c). A deduction for depreciation is allowed only for property used in the production of income reported in the column, and only using the straight line method of figuring depreciation. A deduction for depletion is allowed but must be figured only using the cost depletion method. The basis used in figuring depreciation and depletion is the basis determined under normal basis rules, without regard to the special rules for using the fair market value on December 31, 1969, that relate only to gain or loss on dispositions for purposes of the tax on net investment income. |
| Form 990-PF Part I Line 20 | Occupancy | Line 20. Occupancy. Enter the amount paid or incurred for the use of office space or other facilities. If the space is rented or leased, enter the amount of rent. If the space is owned, enter the amount of mortgage interest, real estate taxes, and similar expenses, but not depreciation reportable on line 19. In either case, include the amount for utilities and related expenses (for example, heat, lights, water, power, telephone, sewer, trash removal, outside janitorial services, and similar services). Don’t include any salaries of the organization’s own employees reportable on line 14. |
| Form 990-PF Part I Line 21 | Travel, conferences, and meetings | Line 21. Travel, conferences, and meetings. Enter the expenses for officers, employees, or others during the year for travel, attending conferences, meetings, etc. Include transportation (including fares, mileage allowance, or automobile expenses), meals and lodging, and related costs whether paid on the basis of a per diem allowance or actual expenses incurred. Don’t include any compensation paid to those who participate. |
| Form 990-PF Part I Line 22 | Printing and publications | Line 22. Printing and publications. Enter the expenses for printing or publishing and distributing any newsletters, magazines, etc. Also include the cost of subscriptions to, or purchases of, magazines, newspapers, etc. |
| Form 990-PF Part I Line 23 | Other expenses (attach schedule) | Line 23. Other expenses. Enter all other expenses for the year. Include all expenses not reported on lines 13–22. Attach a schedule showing the type and amount of each expense. If a deduction is claimed for amortization, attach a schedule showing:
A deduction for amortization is allowed but only for assets used for the production of income reported in column (c). |
| Form 990-PF Part I Line 24 | Total operating and administrative expenses. Add lines 13 through 23 | Line 24. Total operating and administrative expenses. Add lines 13 through 23 in columns (a), (b), (c), and (d). |
| Form 990-PF Part I Line 25 | Contributions, gifts, grants paid | Line 25. Contributions, gifts, grants paid. Don’t report on line 25 direct program expenditures that aren’t contributions, gifts, or grants. These amounts should be reported on lines 13–24.
Activities should be described according to purpose and in greater detail than merely charitable, educational, religious, or scientific activities. For example, use identification such as payments for nursing service, for fellowships, or for assistance to indigent families. Foundations may include, as a single entry on the schedule, the total of amounts paid as grants for which the foundation exercised expenditure responsibility. Attach a separate report for each grant. When the fair market value of the property at the time of disbursement is the measure of a contribution, the schedule must also show:
TIP: The difference between fair market value and book value should be shown in the books of account and as a net asset adjustment in Part III. In column (d). Enter on line 25 all contributions, gifts, and grants the foundation paid during the year with the following exceptions:
|
| Form 990-PF Part I Line 26 | Total expenses and disbursements. Add lines 24 and 25 | Line 26. Total expenses and disbursements. Add lines 24 and 25 in columns (a), (b), (c), and (d). |
| Form 990-PF Part I Line 27 | Subtract line 26 from line 12: | Line 27. See line 27a, 27b and 27c instructions. |
| Form 990-PF Part I Line 27a | Excess of revenue over expenses and disbursements | Line 27a. Excess of revenue over expenses and disbursements. Subtract line 26, column (a), from line 12, column (a), and enter the result. Generally, the amount shown in column (a) on this line is also the amount by which net assets (or fund balances) have increased or decreased for the year. See Part III. Analysis of Changes in Net Assets or Fund Balances. Form 990-PF, Part III |
| Form 990-PF Part I Line 27b | Net investment income (if negative, enter -0-) | Line 27b. Net investment income. Domestic organizations should subtract line 26, column (b), from line 12, column (b), and enter the result. Exempt foreign organizations should enter the amount shown on line 12, column (b). However, if the organization is a domestic organization and line 26, column (b), is more than line 12, column (b) (such as when expenses exceed income), enter zero (not a negative amount). |
| Form 990-PF Part I Line 27c | Adjusted net income (if negative, enter -0-) | Line 27c. Adjusted net income. Subtract line 26, column (c), from line 12, column (c), and enter the result. |
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